Routes into medicine

Medicine & healthcare routes

Routes into medicine FAQs

Straight answers on becoming a doctor, NHS apprenticeships and entry requirements.

What are the routes into medicine in the UK?

There are three main UK routes: a traditional 5–6 year medical degree (MBBS / MBChB) at a UK medical school, the new medical doctor degree apprenticeship (a Level 7 NHS-employed route starting from 2025/26), and graduate-entry medicine for those who already hold a relevant degree.

Can you become a doctor without going to medical school full-time?

Yes — the medical doctor degree apprenticeship is the first route in England that lets you train as a doctor while employed and paid by the NHS, with no tuition fees. You still earn a full MBBS-equivalent qualification and become a registered doctor at the end.

What healthcare apprenticeships are available in the NHS?

The NHS offers apprenticeships in nursing (Level 6), nursing associate (Level 5), paramedic science (Level 6), midwifery, physiotherapy, occupational therapy, healthcare science, pharmacy, dental, and a wide range of healthcare support worker roles. All are paid and tuition-free.

What A-levels do I need for medicine?

Most UK medical schools and the medical doctor apprenticeship require A-levels in chemistry and biology (often plus a third academic subject), typically at AAA. You'll usually also need to sit the UCAT and pass an MMI-style interview.

How much do UK doctors and NHS apprentices earn?

Foundation doctors (FY1) in England start at around £36,000. Specialty doctors and consultants earn substantially more (£60,000–£120,000+). NHS nursing and allied-health apprentices typically earn between £22,000 and £30,000 during training.